A quality index for patent systems

channel estimation for mimo-ofdm systems

تخمین دقیق مشخصات کانال در سیستم های مخابراتی یک امر مهم محسوب می گردد. این امر به ویژه در کانال های بیسیم با ‏خاصیت فرکانس گزینی و زمان گزینی شدید، چالش بزرگی است. مقالات متعدد پر از روش های مبتکرانه ای برای طراحی و آنالیز ‏الگوریتم های تخمین کانال است که بیشتر آنها از روش های خاصی استفاده می کنند که یا دارای عملکرد خوب با پیچیدگی ‏محاسباتی بالا هستند و یا با عملکرد نه چندان خوب پیچیدگی پایینی...

Patent statistics: A good indicator for innovation in China? Patent subsidy program impacts on patent quality

This study investigates whether patent subsidy programs to promote regional innovations have generated a large volume of low-quality applications in China, resulting in biased patent statistics as an indicator for innovations. We find that subsidies on patent filing fees encouraged the filing of low-quality patents, resulting in a decreased grant rate. Although grant-contingent rewards increase...

Application of Water Quality Index for Quality Zoning

Aims of the Study: The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Karaj River (near the city of Tehran, Iran), has been studied to evaluate the suitability of its water for domestic uses. Materials & Methods: Samples of water were collected from various localities before, in and after Karaj Dam Lake and were analyzed based on needs for Water Q...

Defining Patent Quality

Depending on whom you ask, the state of U.S. patent quality is either dismal or decent, in decline or on the upswing, in need of intervention or best left alone. Absent from the ongoing debate about the quality of U.S. patents, however, is much thoughtful discussion about what constitutes a patent's " quality " in the first place. What features of a patent make it " good " in quality, what feat...

What is Patent Quality?